All the linguistic/phonetic engines were developed and merged with an interactive visualization tool in a client-server network communication model. Each engine automatically annotates its own linguistic and signal knowledge, and interacts with the corpus developers to revise and correct the annotations on demand. Our tool integrates a syntactic analyzer, phrase break detector, grapheme-to-phoneme converter and automatic phonetic aligner together. Considering the above demands, we have developed a single unified speech corpus annotation tool that enables corpus builders to link linguistic annotations to signal-level annotations using a morphological analyzer and a POS tagger as basic morpheme-based linguistic engines. Among the linguistic annotations, POS (part-of-speech) tag annotations are indispensable in speech corpora for most modern spoken language applications of morphologically complex agglutinative languages such as Korean. This provides important insights for the elusive goal of developing more effective imagined speech decoding models with respect to the better-established overt speech decoding counterparts.Īs more and more speech systems require linguistic knowledge to accommodate various levels of applications, corpora that are tagged with linguistic annotations as well as signal-level annotations are highly recommended for the development of today's speech systems. The results indicate the existence of a hierarchy in which the relevant channels for the lower behavioral output modes form nested subsets of the relevant channels from the higher behavioral output modes. Speech activity detection models are constructed using spatial, spectral, and temporal brain activity features, and the features and model performances are characterized and compared across the three degrees of behavioral output. The present study uses intracranial brain recordings from participants that performed a speaking task with trials consisting of overt, mouthed, and imagined speech modes, representing various degrees of decreasing behavioral output. In order to continue progressing toward the development of a practical speech neuroprosthesis for the individuals with speech impairments, better understanding and modeling of imagined speech processes are required. Recent studies have demonstrated that it is possible to decode and synthesize various aspects of acoustic speech directly from intracranial measurements of electrophysiological brain activity. The insights from the onset-based voice characteristics can help audiologists choose appropriate management options. The findings from this study highlight the role of acoustical and perceptual voice evaluation in verifying the onset of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder, which otherwise can only be retrospectively inspected from patient medical reports. These differences were also complemented by perceptual evaluation findings: greater severity of pitch, breathiness, strain, hoarseness, and overall severity in the early-onset group. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean perturbations (jitter and shimmer) and harmonic-to-noise ratio of the two groups. 05) increased fundamental frequencies for all vowels along with decreased second and third formant frequencies of /i/ in early-onset participants compared to the late-onset group, which can be explained based on differences in pathophysiology of the disorder. This was supplemented by perceptual evaluations (consensus auditory perceptual evaluation of voice) by five speech-language pathologists. Acoustic parameters (fundamental frequency, formant frequencies, jitter, shimmer, and harmonic-to-noise ratio) were assessed using Praat software. The voice samples (sustained phonation) recorded by the participants using Android smartphones of selected configuration were sent by email to the experimenter. The study included 31 participants (15 early-and 16 late-onset) aged 15 to 30 years diagnosed with the disorder. This study aimed to describe onset-related differences in vocal characteristics (acoustic and perceptual) of individuals with early-and late-onset auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder, and it is the first of its kind in the literature.
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